Spring事务配置的五种方式

Spring事务配置的五种方式

Spring配置文件中关于Spring事务配置总是由三个组成部分，分别是DataSource、TransactionManager和代理机制这三部分，无论哪种配置方式，一般变化的只是代理机制这部分。

DataSource、TransactionManager这两部分只是会根据数据访问方式有所变化，比如使用Hibernate进行数据访问时，DataSource实际为SessionFactory，TransactionManager的实现为 HibernateTransactionManager。

具体如下图：

Spring事务配置 (2)

根据代理机制的不同，总结了五种Spring事务的配置方式，配置文件如下：

第一种方式：每个Bean都有一个代理

  1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
  2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
  3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
  4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
  5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
  6.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                                        http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>
  11.     <bean id=“sessionFactory”
  12.             class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean”>
  13.         <property name=“configLocation” value=“classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml” />
  14.         <property name=“configurationClass” value=“org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration” />
  15.     </bean>
  16.     <!– 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） –>
  17.     <bean id=“transactionManager”
  18.         class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager”>
  19.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  20.     </bean>
  21.     <!– 配置DAO –>
  22.     <bean id=“userDaoTarget” class=“com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl”>
  23.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  24.     </bean>
  25.     <bean id=“userDao”
  26.         class=“org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean”>
  27.            <!– 配置事务管理器 –>
  28.            <property name=“transactionManager” ref=“transactionManager” />
  29.         <property name=“target” ref=“userDaoTarget” />
  30.          <property name=“proxyInterfaces” value=“com.bluesky.spring.dao.GeneratorDao” />
  31.         <!– 配置事务属性 –>
  32.         <property name=“transactionAttributes”>
  33.             <props>
  34.                 <prop key=“*”>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
  35.             </props>
  36.         </property>
  37.     </bean>
  38. </beans>

第二种方式：所有Bean共享一个代理基类

  1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
  2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
  3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
  4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
  5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
  6.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>
  11.     <bean id=“sessionFactory”
  12.             class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean”>
  13.         <property name=“configLocation” value=“classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml” />
  14.         <property name=“configurationClass” value=“org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration” />
  15.     </bean>
  16.     <!– 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） –>
  17.     <bean id=“transactionManager”
  18.         class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager”>
  19.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  20.     </bean>
  21.     <bean id=“transactionBase”
  22.             class=“org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean”
  23.             lazy-init=“true” abstract=“true”>
  24.         <!– 配置事务管理器 –>
  25.         <property name=“transactionManager” ref=“transactionManager” />
  26.         <!– 配置事务属性 –>
  27.         <property name=“transactionAttributes”>
  28.             <props>
  29.                 <prop key=“*”>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
  30.             </props>
  31.         </property>
  32.     </bean>
  33.     <!– 配置DAO –>
  34.     <bean id=“userDaoTarget” class=“com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl”>
  35.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  36.     </bean>
  37.     <bean id=“userDao” parent=“transactionBase” >
  38.         <property name=“target” ref=“userDaoTarget” />
  39.     </bean>
  40. </beans>

第三种方式：使用拦截器

  1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
  2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
  3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
  4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
  5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
  6.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  7.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd“>
  11.     <bean id=“sessionFactory”
  12.             class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean”>
  13.         <property name=“configLocation” value=“classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml” />
  14.         <property name=“configurationClass” value=“org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration” />
  15.     </bean>
  16.     <!– 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） –>
  17.     <bean id=“transactionManager”
  18.         class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager”>
  19.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  20.     </bean>
  22.     <bean id=“transactionInterceptor”
  23.         class=“org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor”>
  24.         <property name=“transactionManager” ref=“transactionManager” />
  25.         <!– 配置事务属性 –>
  26.         <property name=“transactionAttributes”>
  27.             <props>
  28.                 <prop key=“*”>PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
  29.             </props>
  30.         </property>
  31.     </bean>
  32.     <bean class=“org.springframework.aop.framework.autoproxy.BeanNameAutoProxyCreator”>
  33.         <property name=“beanNames”>
  34.             <list>
  35.                 <value>*Dao</value>
  36.             </list>
  37.         </property>
  38.         <property name=“interceptorNames”>
  39.             <list>
  40.                 <value>transactionInterceptor</value>
  41.             </list>
  42.         </property>
  43.     </bean>
  44.     <!– 配置DAO –>
  45.     <bean id=“userDao” class=“com.bluesky.spring.dao.UserDaoImpl”>
  46.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  47.     </bean>
  48. </beans>

第四种方式：使用tx标签配置的拦截器

  1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
  2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
  3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
  4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
  5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
  6.     xmlns:tx=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx”
  7.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
  12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx                                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd“>
  14.     <context:annotation-config />
  15.     <context:component-scan base-package=“com.bluesky” />
  16.     <bean id=“sessionFactory”
  17.             class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean”>
  18.         <property name=“configLocation” value=“classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml” />
  19.         <property name=“configurationClass” value=“org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration” />
  20.     </bean>
  21.     <!– 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） –>
  22.     <bean id=“transactionManager”
  23.         class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager”>
  24.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  25.     </bean>
  26.     <tx:advice id=“txAdvice” transaction-manager=“transactionManager”>
  27.         <tx:attributes>
  28.             <tx:method name=“*” propagation=“REQUIRED” />
  29.         </tx:attributes>
  30.     </tx:advice>
  31.     <aop:config>
  32.         <aop:pointcut id=“interceptorPointCuts”
  33.             expression=“execution(* com.bluesky.spring.dao.*.*(..))” />
  34.         <aop:advisor advice-ref=“txAdvice”
  35.             pointcut-ref=“interceptorPointCuts” />
  36.     </aop:config>
  37. </beans>

第五种方式：全注解

  1. <?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>
  2. <beans xmlns=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans”
  3.     xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”
  4.     xmlns:context=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/context”
  5.     xmlns:aop=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop”
  6.     xmlns:tx=“http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx”
  7.     xsi:schemaLocation=”http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
  8.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
  9.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
  10.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd
  11.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                                http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd
  12.            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx                                      http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd“>
  14.     <context:annotation-config />
  15.     <context:component-scan base-package=“com.bluesky” />
  16.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager=“transactionManager”/>
  17.     <bean id=“sessionFactory”
  18.             class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean”>
  19.         <property name=“configLocation” value=“classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml” />
  20.         <property name=“configurationClass” value=“org.hibernate.cfg.AnnotationConfiguration” />
  21.     </bean>
  22.     <!– 定义事务管理器（声明式的事务） –>
  23.     <bean id=“transactionManager”
  24.         class=“org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager”>
  25.         <property name=“sessionFactory” ref=“sessionFactory” />
  26.     </bean>
  27. </beans>

此时在DAO上需加上@Transactional注解，如下：

  1. package com.bluesky.spring.dao;
  2. import java.util.List;
  3. import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
  4. import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
  5. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;
  6. import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
  7. import com.bluesky.spring.domain.User;
  8. @Transactional
  9. @Component(“userDao”)
  10. public class UserDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements UserDao {
  11.     public List<User> listUsers() {
  12.         return this.getSession().createQuery(“from User”).list();
  13.     }
  14. }
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